Have you wondered what a gluten free diet is and why it is used?
A gluten free diet has gained popularity in the United States making gluten free options abundant; however, it is often an unnecessary restriction. A gluten free diet is a way of eating that eliminates foods and beverages containing gluten. Gluten is a protein found in wheat, barley, and rye – and any products made with these ingredients. It works to make flour elastic and smooth. Only a small percentage of people (about 1%) have a genetic response to not tolerate gluten and consuming it causes an autoimmune response. This genetic condition is called Celiac Disease.
The only known treatment for Celiac Disease is a long-term gluten free diet as even a small amount of gluten can trigger an autoimmune response. If Celiac Disease goes untreated, the fingerlike villi in the small intestines are damaged which prevents the absorption of vital nutrients and may lead to long-term consequences.
Although Celiac Disease is the primary reason to eliminate gluten from your diet, about 6% of people have what is called non-Celiac gluten sensitivity. With this sensitivity, a gluten free diet may help to improve gastrointestinal problems such as bloating, gas, and diarrhea. However, eliminating gluten from your diet without medical need may limit essential nutrients such as fiber, B vitamins, iron, zinc, and magnesium.
Bottom line:
Eating a gluten free diet without a medical reason is not necessarily a healthier option. Many products labeled gluten free have added sugar and/or fat to improve taste and texture. Be sure to compare nutrition labels and look for whole grains when choosing grain foods – gluten free or otherwise. If you have chronic gastrointestinal concerns that may be suggestive of a gluten sensitivity, consult your doctor or a Registered Dietitian.